As with human children, a "Time-out" is not to be used as punishment, but as a form of "Positive Discipline." (Unfortunately, Time-outs are often over-used and abused, thus rendering them ineffective). Anyway, for the dog, the crate is based upon the dog's need for a safe haven when he/she feels stressed, overwhelmed, fearful, tired, etc. If conditioned properly, the dog will automatically go to his/her crate whenever it starts to have these feelings, just to chill and get away from everyone/everything. So... when your pup starts to exhibit behaviors that indicate her feelings of stress, over-stimulation, fear, aggression, etc., putting her in her crate to "chill" (time-out) is not considered a "punishment." Just get the word "punishment" in relation to dogs out of your vocabulary-- we "punish" criminals, not dogs or children. What have you done to make the crate a more habitable place? It should not be a bare cage or jail cell, but a cozy little nest.
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